Superposition and Sparse Coding
An interactive live film: six feature directions in three dimensions; the minimum-norm solution spreads a sparse activation over all of them, sparse coding recovers the active ones.
Narration
Six feature directions, the arrows, live in only three dimensions. They cannot all be orthogonal, but they are spread so that any two have a cosine below one half.
An activation is a sparse combination of them. Here only feature two is on, with strength one and a half, and the red arrow is the activation a, equal to D times s.
The rest of the narration is in the book's Companion.
More from Chapter 9
Interactive1:34LoRA: a Low-Rank UpdateChapter 9
Preview1:48LDL Is Completing the SquareChapter 9
Preview1:47Rank-Revealing QR: Pick the Columns in a Good OrderChapter 9
Preview1:56The QR Algorithm: Sweeping a Matrix into Schur FormChapter 9
Preview1:36Non-Negative Matrix Factorization: a Cone of PartsChapter 9
Preview1:33CUR: Rebuilding a Matrix from Its Own Rows and ColumnsChapter 9